Cannabis for Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)

• Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a condition that affects attention, focus, and impulse control. It impacts both children and adults and can interfere with organization, time management, and completing daily tasks. Some research suggests that cannabis may help with ADHD symptoms, but more studies are needed.Medical cannabis is widely used to treat different health conditions. Some people use it to manage ADHD symptoms like irritability, impulsiveness, and hyperactivity.
  

  Research on cannabis for ADHD

  Some researchers believe that people with ADHD have low dopamine levels. Dopamine is a neurotransmitter that affects motivation, mood, focus, and movement.

  The endocannabinoid system (ECS)may play a role in balancing dopamine. The ECS is a body-wide messaging network that regulates body processes, including:

• Mood
• Energy levels
• Focus
• Sleep

Cannabis’s cannabinoids interact with receptors in the nervous system that regulate these processes.

Studies have found that cannabinoids like tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), tetrahydrocannabivarin (THCV), and cannabidiol (CBD) may help with focus, impulsivity, and hyperactivity in people with ADHD. One study found that people with ADHD self-medicate with cannabis, reporting that it helps relieve symptoms like hyperactivity, sleep problems, poor appetite, and impulsiveness. It may also improve medication side effects like irritability and anxiety.

Cannabis may also help people with ADHD reduce their intake of antidepressants and stimulant medications like methylphenidate (Ritalin) and dextro/amphetamine (Adderall).

However, some people with ADHD report adverse effects from taking cannabis, like decreased focus and attention. It’s possible that people respond differently to cannabis depending on whether they’re using it recreationally or as directed by a medical healthcare professional.

While there is some evidence that cannabis might help with ADHD symptoms, more studies are needed. The long-term effects of cannabis, especially on young people, are unclear, as is the risk of interactions with stimulant medications. 

Using cannabis for ADHD

Cannabis may help with common ADHD symptoms like trouble focusing, restlessness, chronic pain, and sleep problems. However, it can also cause side effects and may not work for everyone.

It’s important to speak with a doctor before using cannabis, especially if you’re taking medications.

Benefits

Some possible benefits of using cannabis for ADHD include:

• Improved focus:Some people report that cannabis improves their concentration.
• Reduced impulsivity: Cannabis may help with impulse control, although findings are mixed, and some studies suggest otherwise.
• Better sleep: Cannabinoids like THC and cannabinol (CBN) can help with insomnia, which is a common ADHD symptom.
• Lower anxiety: Cannabis compounds like THC and CBD may lower anxiety, which often occurs alongside ADHD.
• Pain: Many people with ADHD report chronic pain. Cannabinoids and terpenes in cannabis have pain-relieving properties.

Risks and side effects

Cannabis also has some risks and side effects, such as:

• Memory problems: Cannabis can affect short-term memory, making learning more difficult.
• Drowsiness: Some strains may cause drowsiness.
• Mood changes: Excessive THC use may increase anxiety and mood swings.
• Dependence: Some people with ADHD may become dependent on cannabis, especially if they use it frequently. Substance use disorder (SUD) is a risk for people with ADHD.

It’s important to use cannabis responsibly and monitor its effects.

Is it legal?

Cannabis laws vary by state. In many states, a medical cannabis card is required to use cannabis legally.

ADHD is not a qualifying condition for medical cannabis in any state. However, some states list commonly co-occurring conditions like anxiety, depression, and substance use disorder, through which you may qualify.

Caregivers may be able to obtain medical cannabis on behalf of minors. Check your state’s laws regarding caregivers, as there may be restrictions.

More about ADHD

ADHD is a condition that affects attention and impulse control, and can cause hyperactivity. It’s usually diagnosed in childhood and can continue into adulthood. It was previously known as attention-deficit disorder (ADD).

Symptoms include difficulty focusing and staying still, forgetfulness, mood swings, and impulsive behaviors.

Doctors diagnose ADHD based on symptoms and behavior patterns. While the exact cause is unknown, genetics and brain differences may play a role in this condition. Treatment usually involves a combination of medication, therapy, and lifestyle changes. As of 2023, around 15.5 million U.S. adults have been diagnosed with ADHD..

Other treatments for ADHD

There is no cure for ADHD, so treatment focuses on managing its symptoms.

Traditional therapies

ADHD symptoms are usually managed by a combination of medications and therapy.

• Stimulant medications: including Adderall or Ritalin
• Non-stimulant medications: Like atomoxetine (Strattera)
• Behavioral therapy: Helps develop better coping strategies
• Cognitive therapy: Can assist with organization and impulse control

Natural and alternative therapies

Complementary therapies may manage some ADHD symptoms and reduce reliance on medications.

• Exercise: Regular physical activity can improve focus and mood.
• Mindfulness and meditation: Can improve attention and reduce stress.
• Diet and supplements: Omega-3 fatty acids and a balanced diet may support brain health.
• Herbal remedies: Some herbs, like chamomile and valerian root, may be used to reduce anxiety in those with ADHD.

Cannabis as part of your treatment plan for ADHD

Cannabis may help manage some ADHD symptoms, but it’s not a cure. If you’re considering cannabis as part of your treatment, talk to a healthcare professional to see if it’s a good option for you.

In many states, you need a medical cannabis card to access cannabis legally. The healthcare professionals at Leafwell can help you get your card easily through our telehealth services.

Frequently asked questions

Continue reading to learn more about medical cannabis and ADHD.

Can marijuana be used to treat ADHD?

Maybe. Some people find that marijuana helps manage certain ADHD symptoms, including poor concentration, low motivation, and mood disorders.

What strain of marijuana is best for ADHD?

The best strain for you depends on your unique health needs and how you react to the different compounds in cannabis. Popular strains used by people with ADHD include Sour Diesel, Jack Herer, and Harlequin.

Is medical marijuana safe for children with ADHD?

The effects of cannabis on children’s developing brains are unclear. Most doctors recommend other treatments before considering medical marijuana.

However, cannabis may be considered in cases of treatment-resistant ADHD, or to reduce a child’s dependence on high doses of stimulant medications.

Are there cannabis-based medications for ADHD?

No. There are no FDA-approved cannabis medications specifically for ADHD.

Can CBD help with ADHD?

There’s little evidence that CBD may help with ADHD, although it could help manage symptoms like anxiety and insomnia.

Some people may need low-to-moderate doses of THC for symptoms like chronic pain and low appetite.

How much CBD should I take for ADHD?

There isn’t enough research on using CBD for ADHD for there to be a clear dosing guide. We suggest starting with a standard beginner’s dose — 5 to 10 milligrams (mg) — and increasing your dosage as needed.

Does smoking cannabis make ADHD worse?

Some studies show that cannabis can treat some ADHD symptoms, while other studies show the opposite. Age, dose, and intake of different medications may influence the effect cannabis has on a person’s ADHD symptoms.

When it comes to how you consume cannabis, it may be best to avoid smoking. Opt for a product that doesn’t cause respiratory effects, like tinctures or edibles.

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